🔌 Won’t Turn On
- Power switch / kill switch: Verify both; some models have hidden toggles.
- Battery connection: Open deck, confirm main battery plug is fully seated.
- Fuse or breaker: Inspect/replace if blown or tripped.
- Display cable: The handlebar display lead can loosen at the stem.
- Battery voltage: If reading near 0V, BMS may be latched (see Error/BMS notes).
🔋 Won’t Charge
If the charger LED stays green or nothing happens, follow this:
- Test the outlet and watch the charger LED.
- Inspect charging port for bent/corroded pins; gently wiggle to detect loose joints.
- Verify charger output (e.g., 42V for 36V packs) with a multimeter.
- Check battery voltage—below threshold may trigger charger lockout.
- Try a BMS reset (disconnect battery 5 minutes; reconnect and re-test).
Full guide: How to Fix a Battery That Won’t Charge →
📉 Range Suddenly Dropped
- Tire pressure: Underinflation can cut range by ~15%.
- Weather: Cold temps reduce capacity temporarily.
- Brake rub: Spin wheels off the ground—should rotate freely.
- Riding style: Hard acceleration and hills drain fast.
- Battery age: Packs lose capacity after hundreds of cycles.
🔊 Noises & Vibrations
- Clicking/knocking: Loose axle nuts, stem latch, or spokes.
- Squeaking: Usually brake pads touching rotor/drum; clean with isopropyl alcohol.
- Grinding/buzzing: Could be motor bearings—inspect or seek a pro diagnosis.
🛑 Weak or Squeaky Brakes
- Inspect pad thickness; replace if glazed or worn.
- Clean rotor/drum (alcohol only; never oil).
- Adjust cable tension; lever should firm up without excessive travel.
- Bed-in new pads: several moderate stops from low speed.
💻 Error Codes on Display
Codes vary by brand/model (Segway, Xiaomi, NIU, etc.). General tips:
- Power cycle and check cables to throttle, brake sensors, and motor.
- Look up codes in your manual or manufacturer site/app.
- Try the model’s reset combo (e.g., both brakes + throttle) if documented.